Appendix I

Table: Symptoms related to Mercury Amalgam Fillings

158 Unique References

Shading highlights newer studies; Italics indicates that the article is a Review article

Allergies

(Forkel et al., 2024; Prochazkova et al., 2004; Stejskal et al., 1999; Zamm, 2007)
Alzheimer’s Disease

(Bjørklund et al., 2019b; Cariccio et al., 2019; Mutter et al., 2010, 2004; Pamphlett and Kum Jew, 2018; Siblerud et al., 2019; Sun et al., 2015)
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

(Adams et al., 1983; Barber, 1978; Redhe and Pleva, 1994)
Antibiotic resistance

(Edlund et al., 1996; Leistevuo et al., 2002; Mutter, 2011; Summers et al., 1993)
Asthma/Respiratory

(Duplinsky and Cicchetti, 2012; Geier and Geier, 2021a; Yao et al., 2021)
Arthritis

(Geier and Geier, 2021b)
Autism spectrum disorders

(Geier et al., 2009, 2010; Jafari et al., 2017; Kern et al., 2017; Khaled et al., 2016; Morris et al., 2018; Mutter et al., 2005; Ryu et al., 2017; Saghazadeh and Rezaei, 2017; Ye et al., 2017; Yoshimasu et al., 2014)
Autoimmune disorders/immunodeficiency

(Bártová et al., 2003; Bjørklund et al., 2020; Eggleston, 1984; Hultman et al., 1994; Prochazkova et al., 2004; Dessy Rachmawati et al., 2015; D. Rachmawati et al., 2015; Sterzl et al., 1999; Weiner et al., 1990)
Brain Development

(Berlin, 2020; Escalante et al., 2025; Vejrup et al., 2018)
Cancer (lung)

(Milošević et al., 2024)
Cardiovascular problems

(Bergdahl et al., 2013; Duplinsky and Cicchetti, 2012; Houston, 2011; Piikivi, 1989; Siblerud, 1990; Yao et al., 2021)
Candidiasis (i.e., yeast infection)

(Harrison et al., 2006; Ostman et al., 1994; Summers et al., 1993)
Chronic fatigue (syndrome)

(Björkman et al., 2017; Kern et al., 2014; Lindh et al., 2002; Stejskal et al., 2006, 1999; Wojcik et al., 2006; Yaqob

et al., 2006)
Dementia

(Mikhailichenko et al., 2019)
Dermatitis

(Adachi et al., 2000; Feuerman, 1975; Veien, 1990)
*DNA/RNA

(Bakulski et al., 2015; Cardenas et al., 2015; Lozano et al., 2022; Sanders et al., 2015)
Endocrine

(Zhu et al., 2000)
Eye/Retinal Neurotoxicity

(Bilak et al., 2019; Bridges et al., 2007; Cavalleri et al., 1995; Chung and Myong, 2016; Domínguez-Calva et al.,

2018; Sillman and Weidner, 1993; Ulshafer et al., 1990; Urban et al., 2003; Wilson et al., 1981)
Fibromyalgia

(Bjørklund et al., 2018; Stejskal, 2014; Stejskal et al., 2013, 2006)
Flu-like symptoms

(Bamonti et al., 2008)
Gastrointestinal issues and/or irritable bowel syndrome

(Björkman et al., 2017; Cummings and Rosenman, 2006; Heise et al., 2009; Kristoffersen et al., 2016; Stejskal, 2014)
Hearing loss

(Rothwell and Boyd, 2008)
Hypertension

(Gallego-Viñas et al., 2019; Hu et al., 2018)
Immune System (children)

(Zheng et al., 2023)
Kidney disease

(Bergdahl et al., 2013; Boyd et al., 1991; Fredin, 1987; Guzzi et al., 2008; Mortada et al., 2002; Nylander et al., 1987; Orr and Bridges, 2017; Richardson et al., 2011; Sanders et al., 2019; Spencer, 2000; Weiner et al., 1990; Yao et al., 2021)
Multiple sclerosis

(Craelius, 1978; Huggins and Levy, 1998; Pamphlett and Kum Jew, 2018; Prochazkova et al., 2004; Siblerud, 1992;

Siblerud and Kienholz, 1994)
Neurocognitive

(Barry et al., 2020; Echeverria et al., 2005; Geier et al., 2019; Moen et al., 2008)
Oral lichenoid reaction/Oral lichen planus

(Athavale et al., 2003; Camisa et al., 1999; Dunsche et al., 2003; Finne et al., 1982; Gönen et al., 2016; Henriksson et

al., 1995; Karatasli et al., 2018; Koch and Bahmer, 1995; Laeijendecker et al., 2004; Laine et al., 1999, 1992; Lind et

al., 1986; Lynch et al., 2015; McCullough and Tyas, 2008; Pawar et al., 2016; Sharma et al., 2015; Skoglund, 1994;

Smart et al., 1995; Suter and Warnakulasuriya, 2016; Wong and Freeman, 2003)
Orofacial granulomatosis

(Guttman-Yassky et al., 2003; Tomka et al., 2011)
Physical and psychiatric health complaints

(Björkman et al., 2020; Sinha et al., 2024; Windham, 2018)
Parkinson’s disease

(Bjørklund et al., 2018b; Cariccio et al., 2019; Hsu et al., 2016; Mutter, 2011; Ngim and Devathasan, 1989; Seidler et al., 1996; Venclíková et al., 2006)
Perinatal death

(Bjørklund et al., 2019a; Björkman et al., 2018; Cordier et al., 1991; El-Badry et al., 2018)
Periodontal disease

(Goldschmidt et al., 1976; Ziff, 1992)
Pregnancy/Perinatal

(El-Badry et al., 2018; Escalante et al., 2025; Heidam, 1984; Movassagh et al., 2021; Sakamoto et al., 2017)
Psychological illness

(Duplinsky and Cicchetti, 2012; Echeverria et al., 2006; Hänninen, 1982; Kern et al., 2014; Kidd, 2000; Lindh et al., 2002; Siblerud, 1992; Siblerud et al., 1994; Wojcik et al., 2006)
Reproductive dysfunction

(Bjørklund et al., 2019a; Burton and Meikle, 1980; Lee and Dixon, 1975; Podzimek et al., 2005; Rowland et al.,

1994; Sikorski et al., 1987)
Restless leg syndrome

(Szklarek and Kostka, 2019)
Suicidal ideation

(Guzzi et al., 2006; Kern et al., 2014)
Symptoms of chronic mercury poisoning

(Aaseth et al., 2018; Fields et al., 2017; Mawari et al., 2024; Miller et al., 1975; Shapiro et al., 1982; Wojcik et al.,

2006)
Systemic lupus erythematosus

(Prochazkova et al., 2004)
Thyroid

(Bártová et al., 2003; Hybenova et al., 2010; Prochazkova et al., 2004; Stejskal et al., 2006; Sterzl et al., 1999)

*Altered DNA/RNA is not a symptom however, alterations in DNA/RNA can lead to genetic disorders, developmental problems and increase risk of cancer and other disease.

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